Method of manufacturing acetylene-gas burners.



BATENTED MAY 26, 1903.

1. TB. CARROLL. METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AGETYLENE GAS BURNERS.

APPLICATION FILED :TAN. 11, 1902. RENEWED OUT. 27, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

TZQSM UNITED STATES Patented May 26, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. CARROLL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Batent No. 728,863, dated May 26, 1903.

Original application filed November 16, 1901, Serial'No. 82,724. Divided and this application filed January 11, 1902.

Renewed October 27. 1902. Serial No. 129,053. (No model.)

To all whpm it may concern..-

Be it known that 1, JOHN B. CARROLL, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new, useful, and Improved Method of Manufacturing Acetylene-Gas Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, ref.- erence being hadcto the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar letters of-reference in the different figures indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to the art or method of manufacturing acetylene-gas burners, and is a division of my application, Serial No. 82,724, filed November 16', 1901.

It is well known that in the manufacture of acetylene-gas burners itis essential, in view of the extremely rich character of the gas, its chemical characteristics, and the pressure at which it is burned, to provide a minute discharge-opening issuing into a larger one, to which air is admitted below the level of ignition. This permits a very slender thread of gas to issue from the primary opening, which does not burn until it escapes from the exterior one, and in order to maintain the proper contour of flame, as well as to prevent clogging of the burner, it is highly important, if not strictly essential, that the minute jet should be conaxial with that of the final discharge-opening. Moreover, it has been found even more difficult where it is desirable to produce a flat flame by the impingement of two converging flame-jets to insure that high degree of constructional accuracy necessary to accomplish the most satisfactory and economical results. It is not practical under the ordinary methods of construction except at an excessive cost and especially if the burner be made of a refractory material to obtain such accuracy of detail in these respects as will conform to commercial dewithout requiring a final test after completion, the test itself forming an essential part of the work of construct-ion, all of which is hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view of a burner embodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken upon the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of a duplex burner having diverging branches. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view of a burner, showing a modified construction. Fig. 5 is a sectional view thereof, taken upon the line 5 5, Fig. 4, Viewed in the direction of the arrows there shown. Fig. 6 is a side view of a modified form of duplex burner. Fig. 7 is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view of a burner, showing a still further modification. Figs. 8 and 9 are enlarged diagrammatic views representing a section of the burner as it would appear if taken upon the lines 2 2, Fig. 1, the dotted lines representing the relative directions of the gas-jets when in or out of proper alinement.

Referring to the drawings, a represents the body of my improved burner, which consists of a single piece, preferably of refractory materialsuch, for example, as talc or soapstone-into which is formed a longitudinal bore or supply-conduit I). Said bore is made, preferably, upon the line of the axis of the part a. Extending inwardly from the outer end of the part a is an enlarged bore 0, which communicates with a final discharge-bore d, arranged at substantially a right angle there to. Communicating with the bore 0, preferably at the bottom, is a bore 6, forming anair-supply opening, as hereinafter described. Within the bore 0 is inserted a plug f, which while circular in cross-section may or may not be in the form of a cylinder. In the examples shown in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, it is represented as being of cylindrical form, cut away at the middle, as shown at g, said cutaway portion being opposite the openings at e and forming an annular chamber around said plug in communication with said openings. The plug f is provided with a bore h, extending from its inner to near its outer end, said bore being in communication with the supply-conduit b. A minute radial opening '5 is formed in the plugfand so disposed that when the plug is inserted to its full depth in the bore 0 the opening 11 will be in the plane of the axis of the final dischargebore 61. A slot j is formed in the outer end of the plug, into which a screw-driver may be inserted to turn said plug upon its axis. The plug may be secured in position within the bore 0 by means of any suitable cement adapted to withstand the action of heat such, for example, as La Pages glue or other well-known cement of like character.

While the burner shown in Fig. 1 is complete within itself and is adapted to various uses, it is obvious that two such burners may be connected with a common trunk to form the well-known type of duplex burner shown in Fig. 3, which consists of a main trunk 70, having the diverging branches set at such an angle with respect to each other as to enable the flames from the bore 01 to impinge upon each other to form the usual fiat flame.-

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a modified form of burner 1, in which the lower part of the outer end is cut away, thus leaving the projecting plug m beneath the overhanging portion n to enable the air to have free access to the final discharge-bore.

The burner shown in Fig. 6 is precisely like that represented in Fig. 3, except that airopenings are provided at the sides instead of at the bottom.

In Fig. 7 a large opening p is shown at the bottom, while the plug 0" is somewhat modified in shape. The borep should be large enough to permit a free access of air around the plug to the discharge-opening.

My improved burner may be made by hand or machinery, and in case the latter is employed it is invariably supplemented by hand adjustment, so that it becomes essential to apply the usual burning or flame test as a part of the operation of completing the burner rather than as the usual final act of inspection after its completion.

The method of constructing my improved burner is as follows: The part a, assuming the single form of burner to be under construction, is first made by hand or automatic means to the desired size from a single piece, the bores b, c, and (1 formed therein. The plug f being made of a size and shape to fit loosely Within the bore 0, the bores h andt' are then formed in the plug, the latter being positioned as above described. A quick-setting cement is then applied to the plug, the latter is placed in the bore a, when the burner is connected in any well-known way with an acetylene gas supply and the gas issuing from the discharge (1 lighted. The minute opening a while in the plane of the axis of the final discharge-opening is almost sureto be out of alinement therewith in at least one particular, thus impairing the shape of the flame. Assuming the distortion to be indicated by the dotted line .9, Fig. 8, a screwdriver is inserted in the slotj of the plug and the latter rotated until the proper position is secured, as indicated by the line 8. As soon as this position is attained the flame will become symmetrical, thereby indicating to the operator that the burner is perfect. The hardening of the cement fixes the plug in position. The duplex burner may be tested in like manner. Assuming the plugs to be'so placed that the axes of the respective openings would be represented by the lines u i), Fig. 9, screw-drivers may be simultaneously applied to the respective plugs to turn them toward each other, as indicated by the arrows. As soon as perfect alinement is attained it will be indicated by the perfect symmetry of the flame, when the gas may be turned off and the cement left to harden. In no case is a further test required.

In making the burners from a refractory material they are first formed complete in all their details from the material in its natural state. The parts are then hardened in the usual way, after which they are assembled in the manner set forth. It usually requires about ten minutes for the cement by which the plug is secured in place to harden, when the burner is ready for commercial use. Inasmuch as the symmetrical shape of the flame is the test of perfect adjustment of the parts in assembling, it is obvious that the work may be done Very rapidly and with the exercise of but slight skill and experience. In View of the fact that in the use of refractory material the separate parts are formed complete and hardened before being assembled it follows that there can be practically no defective burners in the finished product.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The method substantially as described of manufacturing acetylene gas burners, which consists in forming the body of the burner from a single piece, boring a supplyconduit therein, boring a final dischargeopening at an angle to the axle of said piece, providing means for admitting air to said final discharge opening, forming a hollow plug, circular in cross-section and closed at one end, boring a minute radial opening in communication with the hollow within said plug, gaging said plug to cause the minute opening therein to lie in the plane of the axis of said final discharge-opening, applying cement to fix said plug in place, inserting said plug within a circular bore in said bodypiece, and while said cement is yet unset, passing gas through said burner, lighting the same at said discharge-opening, and finally rotating said plug until the flame assumes the desired contour.

2. In the method substantially as described, of manufacturing acetylene-gas burners, the formation of the body of a burner from a single piece having a supply-conduit and final dischargeopening arranged at an angle to ICS) each other, together with means for admitting air to said discharge-opening, interposing between said supply-conduit and discharge opening a hollow plug circular in cross-section, said plug being closed at one end and having a minute radial opening, applying a cement to fix said plug in position, and while the cement is yet unset, passing gas through said burner, lighting the same and while so lighted, rotating said plug until the flame assumes the required shape.

3. In themethod,substantiallyasdescribed, of manufacturing acetylene-gas burners, first forming from a single piece of refractory material a burnerbody having diverging branches, boring said branches to form supply-conduits, in common communication with a main conduit, forming final discharge-openings in said respective branches at an angle to each other providing means for admitting air thereto, interposing between the supplyconduit and final discharge-opening of eachv 

